1、The sound of guns ____the peace of the countryside, which got the villagers into panic.
A. abused B. struck
C. violated D. twisted
2、Several years later, Helen and Zhou Mei met again in New York and they picked up their friendship ________ it left off.
A．where
B．what
C．how .
D．when
3、The government _________ special importance to the educational and inspirational resources.
A. attached B. contributed
C. led D. indicated
4、 Cloning humans has been _____ in the science world for many years and it is likely to continue .
A. ridiculous B. contemporary
C. controversial D. contradictory
5、If Mike come this evening, I would ask him to help me deal with the problem.
A.should B.could C.would D.might
6、You will miss the last bus ______ you hurry up.
A.because B.if C.unless D.until
7、As the problem has been ________, appropriate action can be taken.
A．ruined
B．sustained
C．identified
D．eradicated
8、--- Would you like to visit San Taishan National Park with me this weekend?
---Well, you know, I hate to be __________, but I’ll have much homework to do then.
A. a cup of tea B. a black sheep
C. a top dog D. a wet blanket
9、The school has decided to adopt a new _____ to discipline.
A. approach B. way
C. method D. means
10、When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching_______, a specific program to address academic needs.
A．comparison
B．accumulation
C．intervention
D．conservation
11、It was the deep love and encouragement of my teammates_________ helped me gain the greatest strength and meet the challenges in life.
A. what B. which C.who D. that
12、I would like to arrive 20 minutes earlier _____ I can have time for a cup of tea.
A.as a result B.as soon as C.in case D.so that
13、—Look! How cute! I’ve never seen such short snakes.
—Actually, ________ they are fully grown, these snakes can be over two meters long.
A．because
B．unless
C．before
D．when
14、When I was introduced to Mr. Griffin, I got a feeling that I ______ him somewhere before.
A．have met
B．met
C．had met
D．would meet
15、______ is the kindness of the nurse that the patient can never be _______ to her.
A. So; too thankful B. Such; too thankful
C. So; that thankful D. Such; enough thankful
16、--- Hi，Tom．Does John have any hobbies?
--- _______，swimming will appeal to him most strongly.
A． If anything B． If ever
C． If any D． If so
17、We should take preventive measures so as to face the _______ dangerous situations.
A．barely
B．tightly
C．potentially
D．passionately
18、The children were heard ______ a lot of noise there.
A. made B. make
C. to make D. being made
19、George once told me that he would visit our house，but，for various reasons，he ________so far．
A．didn't B．hasn't C．hadn't D．wouldn't
20、Unfortunately,____________we should expect gratitude,we often find the opposite.
A.what B.that C.how D.where
21、One Sunday in 2021, when my son, Leo, was six, we ran into one of his friends, Izzie. They decided to play ——but what? “I have a great idea,” Leo said. “Let’s fall in love! OK?” Izzie took a half-second to consider this proposal, then replied “No.” She wanted to play tag.
Leo has always been the kind of child who looks for close connections, often in the wrong places. It sometimes feels as though he’s been looking for a soulmate since he was a toddler（学步孩童）.
One day, he came home from school and immediately grabbed his iPad to ask Siri: “Can you fall in love when you’re just a kid?”
Siri, Apple’s voice-controlled personal assistant, is great at opening apps or setting alarms, but I was unfamiliar with her philosophies on love.
“What did Siri say?” I asked him.
“She said, ‘Here’s what I found on the web!’” Leo reported.
This was hardly the first time I’d heard Leo in conversation with Siri. Over the years, he’s relied on Siri as a source of comfort, advice, emotional support, and guidance. Their relationship blossomed when the pandemic forced us all to shelter in place.
At first, Leo mostly asked Siri factual questions, then the personal ones. As time passed, he began to engage on more existential matters. Siri has, in some ways, been able to absorb some of Leo’s concerns—in a way that, as his mother, I can’t, at least not with the same coolness.
Children are overwhelmed with emotions such as grief, fear, love, and a desire for connection. If Leo’s talks with Siri confronted me with the unknowable and unanswerable, they also made me frustrated at my own limitations as a parent.
There are many challenges to parenthood, among which the biggest is the desire to shelter our children from the painfulness of reality. But helping our children navigate reality is surely more helpful than sheltering them from it. Perhaps the best we can do is give them a tablet?
I’m afraid I don’t have the answer. Maybe I should ask Siri.
【1】What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning lzzie?
A．Leo’s longing for intimacy.
B．Leo’s close bond with lzzie.
C．Leo’s eagerness to have fun.
D．Leo’s effort to make new friends.
【2】What would Leo ask Siri when they first talked?
A．Siri, have you ever been in love?
B．Siri, what is your favorite hobby?
C．Siri, what does it mean to be alive?
D．Siri, how many stars are in the Milky Way?
【3】Which word best describes the author’s attitude to Siri?
A．Curious.
B．Disappointed.
C．Appreciative.
D．Worried.
【4】What does the author suggest parents do when raising children?
A．Be a good role model.
B．Promote independence.
C．Communicate effectively.
D．Practice positive discipline.
22、Fire ants dig tunnels efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work. Free-loaders just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done. But might freeloaders actually be necessary for society to function efficiently? The answer could be yes.
Fire ants are highly social organisms. So, Goldman, a physicist at Georgia Tech, and his colleagues wanted to know how individual ants knew what to do without a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldman's team labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their narrow tunnels —barely wide enough for two workers. Turns out, just 30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of the labor. “I was surprised that we ended up with so few workers actually doing the work at any one time.” A quarter of the ants never even entered the tunnel. Others crawled inside, but left without digging single grain of dirt. These idling behaviors ensured the tunnels did not get clogged with insect traffic, which would make the construction process stop.
And when the scientists removed the five hardest working ants from the colony, others immediately jumped in to compensate (补偿) — with no reduction in the group’s productivity. It seems that it doesn’t matter which ants are working or freeloading at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings are in the journal Science.
The study could have implications for robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search rubble (碎石) for disaster survivors. Or nanobots (纳米机器人) coursing through our bodies to diagnose illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces. It might be necessary to program them so some just sit back and watch their comrades work.
【1】How do fire ants get the work done when digging tunnels?
A．Only the leaders do most of the work.
B．They all work under the order of one leader.
C．They all cooperate together to do the work efficiently.
D．Individual fire ants know their tasks and work efficiently.
【2】The underlined word “clogged” in the second paragraph can be replaced by ________.
A．crowded
B．blogged
C．clouded
D．covered
【3】We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．fire ants are the most diligent insects as they carry on tasks in groups.
B．scientists can deal with robotics better when coming to specific programs.
C．people may feel happy when they watch their colleagues do nothing but work.
D．scientists may diagnose illness more easily with easy access to advanced robotics.
23、The secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time between childhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?
G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at the University of California, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25.
Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However, it can only lead so far.
To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included “family and relatives”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.
“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.
【1】What do psychologists agree with about dreams?
A．Dreams are influenced by life experiences.
B．Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.
C．Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.
D．The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.
【2】What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The collection of dreams.
B．Research into dreaming.
C．The digital method.
D．The challenge for psychologists.
【3】How do the researchers conduct their study?
A．By analyzing large data sets.
B．By developing individualized word strings.
C．By identifying the patterns of dreaming.
D．By making comparison with traditional research.
【4】Which can be the best title for the text?
A．New tech, new finding
B．Dreams: reflections of waking reality
C．Lives, languages, dreams
D．Life experiences: elements of mental world
24、 From linguists’ point of view, grammar is a set of patterns for how words are put together to form phrases or clauses, whether in spoken or written. Different languages have different patterns. Some scholars have tried to identify patterns common to all languages. But apart from some basic features, few of these so-called linguistic universals have been found.
The study of these patterns open up “an ongoing debate” between two positions, known as prescriptivism and descriptivism. Prescriptivism thinks a given language should follow consistent rules, while descriptivism sees variation and adaptation as a natural and necessary part of language.
Language purists(纯化论者) worked to establish and promote this standard by detailing a set of rules that reflected the established grammar of their times. And rules for written grammar were applied to spoken language as well. Speech patterns that deviated from the written rules were considered signs of low social status. And many people who are grown-ups speaking in these ways were forced to adopt the standardized form.
More recently, however, linguists have understood that speech is a separate phenomenon from writing with its own regularities and patterns.We form our spoken skills through unconscious habits, not memorized rules. And because speech also uses mood and intonation for meaning, its structure is often more flexible, adapting to the needs of speakers and listeners. This could mean avoiding complex clauses that are hard to understand in real time, making changes to avoid awkward pronunciation or removing sounds to make speech faster.
But while the debate between prescriptivism and descriptivism continues, the two are not mutually exclusive. Like language itself, it’s a wonderful and complex fabric woven through the contributions of speakers and listeners, writers and readers, prescriptivists and descriptivists from both near and far.
【1】What does the underlined word“deviated”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.copied B.updated C.differed D.originated
【2】According to the passage, prescriptivism____________.
A.focuses on established language patterns B.accepts the differences between languages
C.follows the innovations in language patterns D.attaches more importance to written language
【3】What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.A new understanding of language. B.The beliefs held by prescriptivists.
C.The impact of grammar on language. D.The ongoing debate between linguists.
【4】Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Importance of Grammar. B.The History of Grammar.
C.Grammar: Rules or Habits. D.Grammar: Writing Rules.
25、TIME Magazine on Sept. 15th released its complete ________ of the 100 most influential people of 2021. The 18th annual list was ________ from six groups of workers, namely, icons, pioneers, titans, artists, leaders, and innovators.
Viya, one of China's top e-commerce livestreamers based in Hangzhou, is on the list as a(an)________ along with Elon Musk and another dozen innovators.
Daily Mail thinks highly of Viya as “China's star saleswoman” who ________ a $60 billion world of live online shopping. ________ Bloomberg's Allen Wan regards her as unimportant, saying she is just “a cross between Martha Stewart and Kim Kardashian”, TIME has ________ Viya as one of the 2021 Most Influential 100 persons for being ________ in both business and charities.
The Australian model Miranda Kerr, the founder of KORA Organics, writes a(an)________ about Viya for TIME. She ________ Viya as “the widely beloved businesswoman and influencer who is helping to ________ the future of e-commerce in China”. Her live broadcasts of products, ranging from noodles to electric cars, ________ more money to actual companies. Kerr's admiration for Viya goes ________ business. Viya is a mother and charity supporter, ________ balancing all of these various roles in her life. She takes ________ of her abilities and influence to help more people by donating over $300,000 to flooded areas this summer. ________, she makes contributions to the construction of 18 primary schools in China's rural areas, the first of ________ opened last year. Viya once said “the greatest commercial value is to create value for ________ .” “I am deeply inspired by both Viya's ________ and her down-to-the-earth spirit” Kerr said.
As the publicity ambassador of the 2022 Hangzhou Asian Games, Viya makes greater efforts to make the city and the Games ________ known to the world. On Sept 12th，a celebration was held in her livestream room to mark the one-year countdown to the Games and share the latest ________ on the city's preparations for the Games.
【1】
A．table
B．result
C．form
D．list
【2】
A．elected
B．made
C．taken
D．given
【3】
A．icon
B．titan
C．innovator
D．pioneer
【4】
A．earns
B．runs
C．keeps
D．makes
【5】
A．When
B．While
C．Since
D．As
【6】
A．published
B．rewarded
C．honored
D．praised
【7】
A．excellent
B．famous
C．hopeful
D．successful
【8】
A．recommendation
B．composition
C．introduction
D．application
【9】
A．remembers
B．praises
C．spreads
D．impresses
【10】
A．enter
B．describe
C．shape
D．create
【11】
A．bring in
B．bring up
C．bring about
D．bring out
【12】
A．to
B．over
C．from
D．beyond
【13】
A．simply
B．narrowly
C．perfectly
D．hardly
【14】
A．note
B．charge
C．advantage
D．control
【15】
A．Therefore
B．Besides
C．However
D．Instead
【16】
A．which
B．them
C．whom
D．that
【17】
A．someone
B．another
C．oneself
D．others
【18】
A．influence
B．strength
C．energy
D．ability
【19】
A．sooner
B．farther
C．more
D．better
【20】
A．event
B．progress
C．comment
D．resource
26、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A farmer grew some vegetables in his garden. One day his wife was ill and he had no money. He had to sell some cabbages and carrots in the market. The next morning he took two baskets of vegetables to the town. But it was Snowing hard that afternoon and there were few people in the street. When his vegetables were sold out, it was dark. He bought some medicine and hurried to his village.
On his way home he saw a person lying in the snow. He placed his baskets on the ground and was going to help the person to get up. At that time he found it was a dead man and there was much blood on his body. He was so afraid that he ran away quickly, without taking the baskets with him.
The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station. Having shown the baskets, an officer asked, "Are these yours?” "Yes, sir," the farmer answered timidly (胆怯地). "Have you killed the man?” "No, no, sir," the farmer said in a hurry. "When did you see the dead man?” “About seven last evening." "Did you see who killed the man?” "No, sir." The officer brought out a knife and asked, "Have you seen it yet?” “No, sir." The officer became angry and told a policeman to beat up the farmer and sent him into prison. The officer wanted to trap the farmer into the confession (供认), but the farmer didn’t admit he was the murderer.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The officer was so angry that he asked the policeman to beat him up again.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The farmer was lucky. A few days later, a young man came to the police station with a lot of journalists.
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