1、Lily’s parents worked in another city when she was young, _____to her independence from others.
A．to contribute
B．contributed
C．contributing
D．having contributed
2、Mr. Blake has been _________ professor of English and will be made full professor this term.
A. concrete B. dynamic
C. associate D. outspoken
3、Because of the poor medical care, the villages were soon _________ the unexpected disease.
A. tired of B. inflected with
C. engaged in D. operated on
4、Miss Yang tries her best to create a relaxing atmosphere in her classes, ________students can study happily.
A．when
B．which
C．where
D．that
5、This product is of high ____.
A.quantity B.quantities C.quality D.qualities
6、—The air here is much fresher than before.
—Yes. We ________ a lot of trees in the last few years.
A．have planted
B．planted
C．are planting
D．will plant
7、Being a strong-willed girl, she worked as a waitress and managed to ________ school.
A.throw herself into B.commit herself to C.put herself through D.adjust herself to
8、A hundred people were reported_________in the air crash.
A．to have been killed
B．having been killed
C．having killed
D．to have killed
9、Please remain________. Let’s have a discussion and try to find a solution acceptable to both sides.
A．seating
B．seated
C．to seat
D．to be seated
10、_______naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, Vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles.
A. Making B. To make
C. Made D. Make
11、John is a good basketball player________ being short and stout (胖的).
A．although
B．while
C．despite
D．instead
12、—What does the sign over there read?
—“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this restaurant.”
A．will
B．shall
C．need
D．must
13、Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ sea.
A．is
B．are
C．was
D．were
14、It was ________ surprise that my first teacher, already 90, was still living and in ________ good health.
A．the; a
B．/; a
C．a; /
D．a; the
15、Most of the artists ________ to the party were from South America.
A. invited B. inviting
C. have invited D. had invited
16、About 80% of all marine waste is plastic from bottles and packaging. This rubbish runs into rivers _________ it rains and then flows into the sea.
A．since
B．when
C．unless
D．until
17、Study hard, and you will ______ to Beijing University.
A. admit B. be admited
C. be admitted D. be admitting
18、Every minute must be made full use of ________spoken English.
A．to practise B．practising
C．practise D．practised
19、He made a long speech only_________his ignorance of the subject.
A．to show
B．showing
C．shown
D．being shown
20、Once you _____ drugs, it’s hard to manage to get rid of them.
A．get through
B．get off
C．get into
D．get down
21、Two blocks. Two very, very long blocks beyond in deep darkness. It is 1953, and I have walked these blocks many times on my way to the room I rent off campus. I get off the bus after leaving the library at ten o’clock in the evening clutching books in my arms, with a purse hanging from a strap on my shoulder.
My landlady works the night shift at the hospital, so at this hour, the house will be as dark and blank as the others on this street. Everything is quiet and closed. Far ahead is a streetlight. I am thinking about a paper due in a few days. What theme should I explore? Will the professor admire or dismiss it? Why are we reading Dreiser anyway?
I notice headlights coming toward me. A car is driving slowly down the street on the other side. As it passes, I glance at the driver—male, blond. I keep walking. The car slows down and stops. I hear its door slam shut. A few seconds later, I hear footsteps behind me. I keep walking; I do not speed up, because I don’t want to call attention to myself. The walker may be going to a house nearby, visiting a friend. Besides, what would be the point of hurrying, running?
I still have to get my door key from my purse. When I reach my house, I will have to walk upstairs to the porch, and fumble in the dark for my key. Then he will climb the steps behind me, put his right hand over my mouth, knock me down on the porch floor, scattering my books and the contents of my purse. There is no one to see. He will hold me down with one hand squeezing my throat, search my body for any valuables with the other, and say, “Don’t fight me; don’t fight.”
I am exhausted. The scene I have imagined is detailed, brutal, and unbearable. I cannot live through what I expect.
I stop. I turn around and wait for him. I wait and wait until he catches up to where I stand, with nothing to defend myself but the urgency to escape not what might happen but what has already happened in my mind.
He comes close, closer. I can see his eyes (or I think I can).
“Will you please leave me alone.” It is neither a question nor a scream. My voice is low, conversational. Nothing can be worse than what I have imagined.
He pauses. “I’m not going to bother you,” he whispers, then turns around and walks back to his car.
【1】What is on the author’s mind before she notices the car?
A．The long way home.
B．The dark and blank street.
C．Her landlady’s absence.
D．The theme of her paper.
【2】The underlined word “fumble” is closest to ___________ in meaning.
A．reach
B．search
C．find
D．touch
【3】Why does the author turn around and wait for the man?
A．She tries to escape what has happened in her mind.
B．She wants to ask him whether he will leave her alone.
C．She knows she will be safe after talking with him.
D．She is so terrified of what is going to happen later.
22、Living robots can reproduce on their own in a dish. This is not a science-fiction movie, but the result of a new research. The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the US on Nov 29.
Xenobots, a type of tiny robot, were first created in 2020, using cells taken from the embryo of an African frog species. Under the right lab conditions, the cells formed small structures that could self-assemble, move in groups and react to their environment. Now, the researchers have found that xenobots can also self-replicate(自我复制), according to the journal of New Scientist.
But are they living organisms or robots? They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. And they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor, co-author Sam Kriegman told The Washington Post.
“People have thought for quite a long time that we’ve worked out all the ways that life can reproduce or replicate. But this is something that’s never been observed before,” co-author Douglas Blackiston, a senior scientist at Tufts University in the US, told Science Daily website.
The ability to replicate adds a new layer of potential utility to the robots. Kriegman told The Washington Post that while xenobots are not yet commercially useful, they have the potential to provide a number of services, from cleaning up microplastics in the ocean to safely delivering drugs to a specific spot in a person’s body.
However, the creation of xenobots comes with concerns. Some think more advanced future xenobots, especially ones that live longer and reproduce, could out-compete other species, according to The Conversation, an Australia news media.
The researchers think these risks are manageable. “If you change the amount of sodium in that water to be too high or too low, they’ll die,” Kriegman told The Washington Post. “If there’s a piece of copper in the dish, they’ll all die. It’s an extremely controllable and stoppable and safe system.”
【1】What do we know about xenobots according to the passage?
A．They should be classified into frog species.
B．They can reproduce and replicate themselves.
C．They can adapt to the environment anywhere.
D．They were created based on science fiction movies.
【2】How do scientists feel the way that xenobots reproduce?
A．Unexpected.
B．Predictable.
C．Doubted.
D．Unaccepted.
【3】What effects do xenonots have on humans?
A．They are expected to replace other species.
B．They have been used widely commercially.
C．They will serve human beings more extensively.
D．They will further explore their own potential ability.
【4】What’s Kriegman’s attitude towards the xenobots’ future?
A．Worried.
B．Cautious.
C．Neutral.
D．Optimistic.
23、Hundreds of millions have rolled up their sleeves for the COVID-19 vaccine, but why haven’t they rolled up their pants instead? What’s he science behind why we get most vaccines in our arm?
Most vaccines are given in the muscle—this is known as an intramuscular injection (肌肉注射). Some vaccines, are given orally. Others are given just beneath the skin.
But why is he muscle so important, and docs location matter?
Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration (药物的施用) site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells Thee immune cells recognize the antigen, a tiny piece of a virus or bacteria introduced by the vaccine that stimulates an immune response. In the case of the COVID-19 vaccine the immune cells in the muscle tissue pick up these antigens(抗原) and present therm to the lymph nodes(淋巴结). Injecting the vaccine into muscle tissue keeps the vaccine localized, allowing immune cells to sound the alarm to other immune cells and get to work. Once a vaccine is recognized by the immune cells in the muscle, these cells carry the antigen to lymph vessels, which transport the antigen-carrying immune cells into the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes, important parts of our immune system, contain more immune cells that recognize the antigens in vaccines and start the immune process of creating antibodies.
Muscle tissue also tends to keep vaccine reactions localized. Injecting a vaccine into the deltoid (三角肌) muscle may result in local inflammation(红肿) or soreness at the injection site. If certain vaccines are injected into fat issue, the chance of irritation (刺激) and inflammation reaction increases because fat tissue has poor blood supply, leading to poor absorption of some vaccine components.
Yet another deciding factor in vaccine administration location is the size of the muscle. Adults and children aged three and older tend to receive vaccines in their upper arm in the deltoid. Younger children receive their vaccines mid-thigh(大腿) because their arm muscles are smaller and less developed.
Another consideration during vaccine administration is convenience and patient acceptability. Can you imagine taking down your pants at a clinic with strangers around? Rolling up your sleeve is much easier and more preferred.
【1】How many reasons are mentioned for the vaccines given in the muscle?
A．2
B．3
C．4
D．5
【2】According to the passage, for most people, ______is the preferred vaccination site.
A．the lymph nodes
B．the mouth
C．the arm
D．the thigh
【3】What does the underlined expression “pick up” in the fourth paragraph probably ______ mean?
A．recognize
B．gather
C．clean up
D．come down with
【4】What may be the best title for the passage?
A．Don’t be afraid of injection
B．why we get shots in the arm
C．An interesting secret to injection
D．How vaccines are given into the muscle
24、Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet---as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much. Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it you see the things behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments (色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials---skin, fat, and more---and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see-through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-like (果冻状的) material and spread themselves over it.
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear: for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
【1】According to Paragraph 1,transparent animals .
A．stay in groups
B．can be easily damaged
C．appear only in deep ocean
D．are beautiful creatures
【2】The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means .
A．silently
B．gradually
C．regularly
D．completely
【3】One way for an animal to become transparent is to .
A．change the direction of light travel
B．gather materials to scatter light
C．avoid the absorption of light
D．grow bigger to stop light
【4】The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals .
A．move more slowly in deep water
B．stay see-through even after death
C．produce more tissues for their survival
D．take effective action to reduce light spreading
25、 On the morning that I planned to handcuff (给……戴上手铐) my wrist to the White House fence along with other environmental leaders, I woke up, heart racing. I ______ the time in the dark. It was 3 a．m., and I was alone in a friend's guest room just outside Washington, D．C. I turned on the small bedside ______ and reached for the card my husband and two children had picked out for the ______， with a photo of a polar bear leaping from one floating ice to the next. The bear's front paws stretched out ______ in midair—no longer on solid ground, but not quite landed on the next ice yet—fitting for my first act of ______ disobedience(不服从), which was motivated by a desire to slow global warming, not only for the polar bears, but also for my own children.
I opened the ______ and reread my 16yearold daughter's note in the ______ light: —“I'm happy you care this much about something that will affect the future of us all，” she wrote. “Good luck！” I ______—imagining her brown eyes and flaming red hair—and turned off the light again.
For me, a fierce desire to protect the world my children will inherit(继承) is part of being a mother. Along with the sleepless nights I spent rocking my babies when they had a fever, I now ______ the two times I've gone to prison as part of the sacrifice I ______ make.
______ methods for fossil fuels—which can cause cancer and other health problems—are profitable and strongly ______ by oil or gas companies. Only when ordinary citizens demand they make protecting our children their first ______ are politicians more likely to say no to those methods. That's ______ I handcuffed my wrist to the White House fence to ______ the Keystone XL Pipeline Project, along with many other parents, which I believe is closer to the real ______ of Mother's Day. Originally, the day was founded for mothers to teach each other how to protect their children.
We might not really know the effect of our ______ for a few decades, though there are moments ______ that our sacrifices are not in vain. The encouraging note from my daughter the night before my first ______ was one of those moments. It made me want to ______ like that polar bear—and like the early leaders of Mother's Day—and take a leap.
【1】A.missed B.set C.checked D.hit
【2】A.iPhone B.radio C.computer D.lamp
【3】A.tension B.occasion C.revision D.possession
【4】A.constantly B.distantly C.instantly D.expectantly
【5】A.crucial B.civil C.central D.chief
【6】A.letter B.book C.card D.leaflet
【7】A.different B.cold C.weak D.shallow
【8】A.sighed B.smiled C.cried D.whispered
【9】A.rank B.confirm C.count D.reserve
【10】A.deliberately B.arbitrarily C.temporarily D.willingly
【11】A.Advanced B.Extreme C.Vertical D.Absurd
【12】A.promoted B.granted C.illustrated D.occupied
【13】A.privilege B.exception C.priority D.distinction
【14】A.how B.why C.when D.where
【15】A.stop B.cut C.shorten D.split
【16】A.estate B.virtue C.dignity D.history
【17】A.commissions B.frictions C.actions D.innovations
【18】A.distributing B.indicating C.advocating D.consenting
【19】A.march B.crush C.justice D.arrest
【20】A.stand out B.reach out C.work out D.pull out
26、假定你是李华。世界地球日当天，你校举办了“变废为宝”手工艺术创作大赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动过程；
3. 你的感想。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Handicraft Competition
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